Hormonal
Ingestion of an isonitrogenous non-essential amino acid (NEAA) formulation does not stimulate muscle protein synthesis (MPS) or activate mTOR signaling pathways in skeletal muscle cells, making it an effective non-bioactive control for protein bioactivity studies.
If you are looking to stimulate muscle growth, consuming non-essential amino acids alone will not trigger the muscle-building process, even if you consume the same amount of nitrogen as protein. You need essential amino acids (found in complete proteins or EAA supplements) to activate the signaling pathways (mTOR) required for muscle protein synthesis. Use NEAA as a control or filler, not as the primary driver of muscle growth.
Media conditioned by NEAA fed serum had no effect on protein signalling or MPS compared to fasted... In summary, media conditioned by NEAA fed serum did not result in activation of MPS. Therefore, these in vitro findings suggest the use of isonitrogenous NEAA acts as an effective control for comparing bioactivity of different proteins on activation of MPS.
Why this rating
Small sample size (n=6), in vitro cell model (C2C12) using ex vivo serum rather than direct human MPS measurement, though the design is rigorous for its purpose.
Source
A cell-based evaluation of a non-essential amino acid formulation as a non-bioactive control for activation and stimulation of muscle protein synthesis using ex vivo human serum
Bijal Patel et al. · PLoS ONE · 2019
DOI 10.1371/journal.pone.0220757
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