Research
Hormonal
Estrogen therapy does not reduce cardiovascular disease events and may increase stroke risk in postmenopausal women, particularly those with diabetes, and is not recommended for chronic disease prevention.
Do not use estrogen to prevent heart disease. It does not work for this purpose and may increase stroke risk. If you have severe menopausal symptoms and are at low risk for other issues, it may be used for symptom relief, but risk calculators should guide this decision.
StrongRefutesHIGH confidence
Neither estrogen therapy alone nor estrogen plus progestin therapy appeared to decrease the risk of CHD events and risk of stroke was increased... estrogen therapy is not currently recommended for indications other than symptom management.
Why this rating
Based on large randomized trials (WHI) and systematic reviews.
Source
Management of Cardiovascular Risk in Perimenopausal Women with Diabetes
Catherine Kim · Diabetes & Metabolism Journal · 2021
DOI 10.4093/dmj.2020.0262
narrative_reviewCited 18×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Lifestyle behaviors (smoking cessation, weight reduction, physical activity, sodium restriction) are the core management strategy for cardiovascular risk in women with diabetes, despite limited randomized trial evidence for mortality reduction.Good
- Specific hypoglycemic agents, SGLT-2 inhibitors and GLP-1 receptor agonists, reduce cardiovascular event risk in patients with diabetes, particularly those with a history of CVD, independent of glycemic control levels.Good
- Intensive blood pressure lowering to <130 mm Hg may be better tolerated and beneficial for perimenopausal women with diabetes compared to older populations, though standard guidelines recommend <140/90 mm Hg.Good
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