Hormonal
High-fat diets induce a pro-inflammatory phenotype in neutrophils and their bone marrow progenitors via NLRP3 inflammasome activation and IL-1b signaling, contributing to systemic low-grade inflammation and insulin resistance.
Your immune system is listening to what you eat. Diets high in certain fats can program your white blood cells to stay in a state of low-grade alert, which contributes to insulin resistance and heart disease risk. Choosing healthier fat profiles (like unsaturated fats) may help keep these immune cells from becoming over-activated.
Chronic feeding with a high fat diet (HFD) results into a robust expansion of the granulocytic compartment which acquires a pro-inflammatory phenotype... suggesting that some dietary fats can trigger the activation of the inflammasome also at the cell progenitor levels.
Why this rating
The paper is a review summarizing various in vitro and animal studies; human causal data is noted as sparse.
Source
Dietary fats as regulators of neutrophil plasticity: an update on molecular mechanisms
Anna Parolini et al. · Current Opinion in Clinical Nutrition & Metabolic Care · 2024
DOI 10.1097/mco.0000000000001055
More from this paper
- Short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) like butyrate and acetate have complex, site-specific effects on neutrophils, potentially promoting anti-inflammatory or pro-resolutive functions depending on the context and receptor interaction (e.g., FFAR2).Moderate
- Saturated fatty acids (e.g., palmitate) promote neutrophil extracellular trap (NET) formation and NLRP3 inflammasome activation, whereas unsaturated fatty acids (e.g., oleic, linoleic, omega-3s) tend to inhibit these pro-inflammatory pathways.Moderate
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