Research

Adherence

In Malaysian reproductive-age women, diabetes mellitus and passive smoking are significant predictors of bone fractures, whereas active smoking and physical activity levels are not.

For women aged 35-49, avoiding exposure to secondhand smoke is crucial for bone health, potentially more so than avoiding active smoking. Managing diabetes is also critical, as it significantly increases fracture risk. These factors outweigh micronutrient intake levels in predicting fractures.

ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
Factors of diabetes and passive smoking in this study showed 2.6- and 4.0-times-higher odds of having bone fractures, respectively (AOR 2.580; 95% CI: 1.173–5.672) and (AOR 4.012; 95% CI: 2.265–7.107).
Zaleha Md Isa et al. · Annals of Global Health · 2024

Why this rating

Cross-sectional design; however, the odds ratios are strong and statistically significant.

Source

Is there an Association between Dietary Micronutrients Intake and Bone Fractures among Malaysian Reproductive-Age Women? The PURE Malaysia Study

Zaleha Md Isa et al. · Annals of Global Health · 2024

DOI 10.5334/aogh.4445

cross_sectional · n=1730Cited 1×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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