Hormonal
Sustained weight loss via caloric restriction or bariatric surgery resolves hepatic inflammation and improves systemic glucose homeostasis, but fails to reverse adipose tissue inflammation and insulin resistance in a significant subset of patients.
If you have lost significant weight, do not assume your metabolic health has fully recovered. While your liver function and blood sugar control likely improved, your fat tissue may still harbor inflammation and insulin resistance. Continue to monitor metabolic markers (like inflammation and insulin sensitivity) with your doctor, as these may not improve as much as your weight does.
Weight loss enhanced insulin action and resolved pro-inflammatory gene expression exclusively in the liver, whereas visceral adipose tissue displayed no significant improvement of metabolic and inflammatory parameters compared to obese mice... bariatric surgery in humans... resulted in massive weight reduction, improved hepatic inflammation and systemic glucose homeostasis, while adipose tissue inflammation remained unaffected
Why this rating
Strong evidence from both controlled murine models and a human clinical cohort (n=55) with consistent findings.
Source
Obesogenic memory can confer long-term increases in adipose tissue but not liver inflammation and insulin resistance after weight loss
Jan Schmitz et al. · Molecular Metabolism · 2016
DOI 10.1016/j.molmet.2015.12.001
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