Research
Macro partitioning
Shifting from nutrient-based to food-based dietary guidelines is supported by evidence that promotes predominantly plant-based diets for sustainable and healthy food systems.
Adopt a predominantly plant-based diet, focusing on whole foods rather than isolated nutrients. Advocate for policy changes to make healthy food more affordable and accessible, especially in low- and middle-income countries.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
evidence largely endorses a case for moving from nutrient-based to food-based guidelines. Their findings also reinforce those of the EAT–Lancet Commission on optimising diets for sustainable food systems, achievable through predominantly plant-based diets.
Why this rating
Based on GBD findings and EAT-Lancet Commission, though challenges in implementation are noted.
Source
Global diet and health: old questions, fresh evidence, and new horizons
Nita G. Forouhi et al. · The Lancet · 2019
DOI 10.1016/s0140-6736(19)30500-8
narrative_reviewCited 76×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Global dietary patterns are suboptimal, with high intake of sodium, processed/red meat, and sugary beverages, and low intake of nuts, seeds, milk, and whole grains, contributing to 11 million deaths and 255 million DALYs annually.Good
- High sodium intake, low whole grain intake, and low fruit intake are the three largest contributors to diet-related deaths and disability-adjusted life years globally.Good
Related findings · Macro partitioning
- Total daily protein intake of 1.6 g/kg/day is sufficient for maximizing resistance training-induced muscle gains, with an upper confidence interval of 2.2 g/kg/day.Strong
- Resistance exercise training combined with sufficient dietary protein intake acts synergistically to maximize skeletal muscle hypertrophy, with protein intake saturating around 1.6 g/kg/day for general populations and potentially requiring 2.0-2.2 g/kg/day for resistance-trained individuals.Strong
- Trans fats should be completely eliminated from the diet, as they increase LDL cholesterol, decrease HDL cholesterol, and are directly associated with increased coronary risk.Strong
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