Hormonal
Individuals with elevated fasting plasma glucose (prediabetes or diabetes) achieve significantly greater weight loss on low-carbohydrate or high-fiber/low-glycemic-load diets compared to those with normal fasting plasma glucose, who show minimal differential response to these dietary compositions.
If you are overweight and have high fasting blood sugar (prediabetes or diabetes), you are likely to lose more weight by choosing a diet lower in carbohydrates or higher in fiber/low glycemic load. If your blood sugar is normal, the specific type of healthy diet matters less for weight loss magnitude, and adherence is the primary driver.
Overall, research suggests that providing specific diets for weight management based on pretreatment glycemia and insulinemia statuses holds great promise for advancing personalized nutrition.
Why this rating
Based on multiple randomized controlled trials (DiOGenes, SHOPUS, MUFObes) re-analyzed with stratification, showing statistically significant interactions (p<0.01) in subgroups.
Source
Personalized Dietary Management of Overweight and Obesity Based on Measures of Insulin and Glucose
Mads F. Hjorth et al. · Annual Review of Nutrition · 2018
DOI 10.1146/annurev-nutr-082117-051606
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