Research

Hormonal

Low sleeping energy expenditure (SleepEE) in early pregnancy is associated with insulin resistance and low triiodothyronine (T3) concentrations.

For obese pregnant women, a lower-than-expected metabolic rate is linked to higher insulin resistance and lower thyroid hormone (T3) levels. This suggests that metabolic health issues may drive lower energy expenditure, contributing to weight gain risk.

GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
Low SleepEE was associated with insulin resistance and low triiodothyronine concentrations (both P < 0.01).
Jasper Most et al. · Obesity · 2018

Why this rating

Statistically significant associations found in a well-measured cohort.

Source

Energy Expenditure in Pregnant Women with Obesity Does Not Support Energy Intake Recommendations

Jasper Most et al. · Obesity · 2018

DOI 10.1002/oby.22194

cross_sectional · n=72Cited 29×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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