Research
Hormonal
GIP (Glucose-dependent Insulinotropic Polypeptide) promotes fat storage and has unfavorable vascular effects, contrasting with the protective effects of GLP-1.
High-GI foods trigger GIP, which may promote fat storage and inflammation. Avoiding high-GI foods helps minimize GIP release, potentially aiding in weight management and reducing cardiovascular risk factors associated with GIP, such as hepatic steatosis and atherosclerosis.
ModerateRefutesMEDIUM confidence
GIP may increase fat storage directly by binding to its receptors on adipocytes and indirectly by potentiating insulin secretion... GIP induces the expression of the proatherogenic cytokine osteopontin... increased postprandial release of GIP has be linked to unfavorable effects in this condition [NASH].
Why this rating
Based on animal models and some human observational data, but clinical trial data on GIP manipulation is less robust than GLP-1.
Source
Incretin Hormones: The Link between Glycemic Index and Cardiometabolic Diseases
Teresa Salvatore et al. · Nutrients · 2019
DOI 10.3390/nu11081878
narrative_reviewCited 26×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- GLP-1 receptor agonists and endogenous GLP-1 provide cardiovascular protection by improving endothelial function, reducing blood pressure, and protecting the myocardium.Strong
- Low glycemic index (GI) carbohydrates increase postprandial GLP-1 secretion and decrease GIP secretion compared to high GI carbohydrates, which mediates cardiometabolic health benefits.Moderate
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