Hormonal
High-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) consumption promotes obesity, type 2 diabetes, and fatty liver more potently than glucose or sucrose alone due to the synergistic activation of the transcription factor ChREBP by equal parts glucose and fructose.
Prioritize whole food sources of carbohydrates (vegetables, fruits, legumes, whole grains) over processed foods containing high-fructose corn syrup. The specific ratio of glucose to fructose in HFCS appears to uniquely drive metabolic dysfunction via ChREBP activation, leading to fatty liver and insulin resistance more than other carbohydrate sources.
products with equal amounts of glucose and fructose have the worst effects on caloric intake, body weight gain, and glucose intolerance... Glucose and fructose coordinately supply the metabolites necessary for ChREBP activation and de novo lipogenesis.
Why this rating
The paper is a review citing multiple animal models and human observational/meta-analyses, but lacks a single definitive RCT establishing causality in humans for HFCS specifically vs sucrose.
Source
The Roles of Carbohydrate Response Element Binding Protein in the Relationship between Carbohydrate Intake and Diseases
Katsumi Iizuka · International Journal of Molecular Sciences · 2021
DOI 10.3390/ijms222112058
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