Research

Adherence

Public health messaging should prioritize the word 'vegetables' before 'fruits' in the phrase 'vegetables and fruits' to improve nutrient density awareness and address the larger consumption gap for vegetables.

When creating or following health advice, look for messages that say 'vegetables and fruits' rather than 'fruits and vegetables.' This subtle shift highlights that vegetables are generally more nutrient-dense and that Americans are further from meeting vegetable recommendations than fruit recommendations. Prioritize adding vegetables to your diet first.

ModerateQualifiesMEDIUM confidence
For these reasons, future health messages promoting both together should intentionally put 'vegetables' first to promote intake and emphasize their importance regarding contribution to health.
Lisa Offringa et al. · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · 2018

Why this rating

The paper is a review/analysis of existing data (nutrient databases, cohort studies, linguistic rules) rather than a primary intervention study testing the efficacy of the new word order.

Source

Fruits and Vegetables Versus Vegetables and Fruits: Rhyme and Reason for Word Order in Health Messages

Lisa Offringa et al. · American Journal of Lifestyle Medicine · 2018

DOI 10.1177/1559827618769605

narrative_reviewCited 21×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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