Hormonal
Empagliflozin, a sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitor, significantly reduces cardiovascular death, all-cause mortality, and hospitalization for heart failure in patients with type 2 diabetes at high cardiovascular risk.
If you have type 2 diabetes and are at high risk for heart problems, empagliflozin is a medication that can significantly lower your risk of dying from heart issues, dying from any cause, and being hospitalized for heart failure. It works by helping your kidneys remove sugar and water, which also helps lower blood pressure and weight. While it does increase the risk of genital infections, the cardiovascular benefits are substantial for high-risk individuals.
The trial results revealed a decrease in the composite primary end points of death from cardiovascular causes, nonfatal myocardial infarction, and nonfatal stroke in those taking empagliflozin vs placebo. Those taking the medication also had a significant decrease in death from any cause, death from cardiovascular cause, and hospitalization for heart failure.
Why this rating
Based on the EMPA-REG OUTCOME trial, a large, randomized, double-blinded, controlled trial with 7,020 patients.
Source
Differential cardiovascular profiles of sodium-glucose cotransporter 2 inhibitors: critical evaluation of empagliflozin
Vani P. Sanon et al. · Therapeutics and Clinical Risk Management · 2017
DOI 10.2147/tcrm.s97619
Related findings · Hormonal
- Initial treatment for type 2 diabetes should be a combination of metformin and either an SGLT-2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist to achieve cardiorenal protection, rather than monotherapy or older agents like sulfonylureas.Strong
- For patients with specific monogenic obesity syndromes (leptin deficiency, POMC/PCSK1/LEPR mutations), targeted pharmacotherapy (recombinant leptin or setmelanotide) is highly effective and should be prioritized, unlike in polygenic obesity.Strong
- Continued weekly administration of 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide prevents weight regain and promotes further weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity, whereas switching to placebo results in significant weight regain.Strong
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