Hormonal
A ketogenic diet significantly reduces HbA1c levels in overweight T2DM patients, though it does not significantly affect fasting glucose, fasting insulin, or HOMA-IR compared to control diets.
While a ketogenic diet effectively lowers long-term average blood sugar (HbA1c) in T2DM patients, it may not immediately change fasting blood glucose or insulin resistance scores (HOMA-IR) compared to other diets. This suggests the benefit is in sustained glucose regulation rather than acute fasting metrics.
With regard to HbA1c, we observed a slightly higher decrease between the ketogenic and non-ketogenic diet groups (SMD, −0.38; 95% CI, −0.61 to −0.16; I2 = 27%; low heterogeneity, Figure 4A)... However, we found no significant differences in the overall effect for fasting glucose (p = 0.74...), fasting insulin (p = 0.07...), and HOMA-IR (p = 0.14...)
Why this rating
Meta-analysis of 7-8 RCTs; low heterogeneity for HbA1c.
Source
Ketogenic Diet Benefits to Weight Loss, Glycemic Control, and Lipid Profiles in Overweight Patients with Type 2 Diabetes Mellitus: A Meta-Analysis of Randomized Controlled Trails
Chong Zhou et al. · International Journal of Environmental Research and Public Health · 2022
DOI 10.3390/ijerph191610429
Related findings · Hormonal
- Initial treatment for type 2 diabetes should be a combination of metformin and either an SGLT-2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist to achieve cardiorenal protection, rather than monotherapy or older agents like sulfonylureas.Strong
- For patients with specific monogenic obesity syndromes (leptin deficiency, POMC/PCSK1/LEPR mutations), targeted pharmacotherapy (recombinant leptin or setmelanotide) is highly effective and should be prioritized, unlike in polygenic obesity.Strong
- Continued weekly administration of 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide prevents weight regain and promotes further weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity, whereas switching to placebo results in significant weight regain.Strong
This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →