Research
Hormonal
SGLT2 inhibitors lower blood pressure by approximately 4-6 mmHg systolic and 1-2 mmHg diastolic, primarily through plasma volume contraction and reduced arterial stiffness.
SGLT2 inhibitors provide a modest but consistent reduction in blood pressure (4-6 mmHg systolic). This effect is driven by the body excreting more sodium and water, leading to a slight contraction in blood volume and reduced stiffness in arteries.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
Perhaps more importantly are osmotic diuretic and natriuretic effects contributing to plasma volume contraction, and decreases in systolic and diastolic blood pressures (BP) by 4-6/1-2 mmHg, respectively, which may underlie cardiovascular and kidney benefits.
Why this rating
Based on multiple studies and meta-analyses cited in the review.
Source
Sodium Glucose Cotransporter 2 Inhibitors in the Treatment of Diabetes Mellitus
Hiddo J.L. Heerspink et al. · Circulation · 2016
DOI 10.1161/circulationaha.116.021887
narrative_reviewCited 1,329×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- SGLT2 inhibitors (empagliflozin, dapagliflozin, canagliflozin) reduce cardiovascular mortality, overall mortality, and heart failure hospitalizations in patients with type 2 diabetes and established cardiovascular disease, independent of glycemic control.Strong
- SGLT2 inhibitors cause an acute, dose-dependent reduction in eGFR (~5 ml/min/1.73m2) and a ~30-40% reduction in albuminuria, which are protective renal hemodynamic effects rather than signs of kidney damage.Good
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