Research

Hormonal

Long-term exposure to rotating night shifts (≥30 years) is associated with a statistically significant increase in breast cancer risk in women, primarily mediated by the suppression of melatonin due to nighttime light exposure.

If you work rotating night shifts, especially for many years, your risk of breast cancer may be moderately higher. This is likely because light at night suppresses melatonin, a hormone that may protect against cancer. While you may not be able to change your job, consider strategies to minimize light exposure during night hours (like wearing an eye mask) and discuss your work history with your doctor to ensure appropriate screening.

GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
Women who work on rotating night shifts with at least three nights per month... appear to have a moderately increased risk of breast cancer after extended periods of working rotating night shifts.
Eva Schernhammer et al. · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2001

Why this rating

Large prospective cohort (N=78,562), long follow-up (10 years), adjusted for many confounders, but relies on self-reported exposure and cannot prove causality definitively.

Source

Rotating Night Shifts and Risk of Breast Cancer in Women Participating in the Nurses' Health Study

Eva Schernhammer et al. · JNCI Journal of the National Cancer Institute · 2001

DOI 10.1093/jnci/93.20.1563

cohort · n=78562Cited 1,140×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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