Hormonal
Hypoxia (low oxygen) in pancreatic islets, particularly in the core of transplanted islets or in obese individuals, contributes to beta-cell apoptosis and dysfunction by stabilizing Hypoxia-Inducible Factors (HIFs).
For patients undergoing islet transplantation, oxygen levels are critical. Islets transplanted into the liver often suffer from hypoxia in their core, leading to cell death. Medical strategies are being developed to protect these cells from oxygen deprivation, such as using antioxidants or choosing better transplantation sites, to improve the chances of long-term insulin independence.
hypoxia primarily occurs within the core of isolated islets (55) because a gradient in oxygen tension exists between the surface and the center of the islet... Exposure to high glucose levels has been shown to induce hypoxia and hypoxia-induced pathways in pancreatic beta-cell lines and isolated islets (11).
Why this rating
Supported by animal models and human islet studies.
Source
The Role of Oxidative Stress and Hypoxia in Pancreatic Beta-Cell Dysfunction in Diabetes Mellitus
Philipp A. Gerber et al. · Antioxidants and Redox Signaling · 2016
DOI 10.1089/ars.2016.6755
More from this paper
- Pancreatic beta cells are uniquely susceptible to oxidative stress and hypoxia-induced dysfunction because they express unusually low levels of antioxidant defense enzymes (such as catalase) while maintaining high metabolic activity and ROS production.Good
- Reactive Oxygen Species (ROS) are not merely toxic byproducts but are necessary for normal glucose-stimulated insulin secretion in pancreatic beta cells.Good
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