Hormonal
Gut microbiota metabolize dietary choline and carnitine into trimethylamine (TMA), which is converted to trimethylamine N-oxide (TMAO) in the liver; elevated TMAO levels are associated with increased risk of cardiovascular disease (CVD) and chronic kidney disease (CKD).
Your gut bacteria convert nutrients from eggs and red meat into a compound (TMAO) linked to heart and kidney disease. This risk depends on your specific gut bacteria. While you don't need to avoid these foods entirely, maintaining a diverse gut microbiome through fiber may help manage TMAO levels.
Three metabolites of dietary phosphatidylcholine (choline, TMAO, betaine) predict risk for CVD... TMAO... Accelerates atherosclerosis... Contributes to kidney dysfunction and chronic kidney disease
Why this rating
The paper cites multiple studies linking TMAO to CVD and CKD, including genetic and animal models, suggesting strong mechanistic evidence.
Source
Microbial metabolism of dietary components to bioactive metabolites: opportunities for new therapeutic interventions
Linda Zhang et al. · Genome Medicine · 2016
DOI 10.1186/s13073-016-0296-x
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