Research

Hormonal

Intravenous administration of exendin-4 (0.05 pmol/kg/min) significantly reduces fasting and postprandial plasma glucose levels and decreases caloric intake by 19% in healthy volunteers without causing nausea.

Exendin-4, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, significantly lowers blood glucose and reduces calorie intake in healthy individuals without causing nausea at the tested dose. It works by delaying gastric emptying and reducing hunger, offering a potential treatment for type 2 diabetes and obesity.

GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
Exendin-4 reduced fasting plasma glucose levels and reduced the peak change of postprandial glucose from baseline... Volunteers consumed 19% fewer calories at a free-choice buffet lunch with exendin-4... without reported side effects.
C. M. B. Edwards et al. · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · 2001

Why this rating

Randomized, double-blind, placebo-controlled trial in healthy humans, though sample size is small (n=8).

Source

Exendin-4 reduces fasting and postprandial glucose and decreases energy intake in healthy volunteers

C. M. B. Edwards et al. · American Journal of Physiology-Endocrinology and Metabolism · 2001

DOI 10.1152/ajpendo.2001.281.1.e155

crossover · n=8Cited 467×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →