Research
Adherence
Upstream structural interventions targeting food pricing (taxes and subsidies) are more effective at reducing socioeconomic inequalities in healthy eating than downstream individual-level interventions.
To reduce health inequalities, policymakers should prioritize structural changes like taxes on unhealthy foods and subsidies for healthy foods over individual education campaigns, as the latter often benefit those with higher socioeconomic status more.
GoodQualifiesHIGH confidence
Interventions categorised by a “6 Ps” framework show differential effects on healthy eating outcomes by SEP. “Upstream” interventions categorised as “Price” appeared to decrease inequalities, and “downstream” “Person” interventions, especially dietary counselling seemed to increase inequalities.
Why this rating
Systematic review of 36 studies, though heterogeneous.
Source
Are interventions to promote healthy eating equally effective for all? Systematic review of socioeconomic inequalities in impact
Rory McGill et al. · BMC Public Health · 2015
DOI 10.1186/s12889-015-1781-7
systematic_reviewCited 414×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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