Research

Adherence

Smoking increases the risk of metabolic syndrome, and smoking cessation is associated with an increased risk of MetS in the short-to-medium term (up to 10 years) due to weight gain and metabolic changes.

Quit smoking to prevent metabolic syndrome. Be aware that you may gain weight and have a higher MetS risk for up to 10 years after quitting. Counter this by adopting a calorie-restricted diet and increasing physical activity immediately.

LimitedQualifiesMEDIUM confidence
active smokers have a 26% increased risk of MetS compared with nonsmokers... after smoking cessation, the risk of MetS increased and remained high for at least 10 years in the individuals who smoked >=20 cigarettes per day.
Pablo Pérez‐Martínez et al. · Nutrition Reviews · 2017

Why this rating

Based on prospective cohort studies and meta-analyses.

Source

Lifestyle recommendations for the prevention and management of metabolic syndrome: an international panel recommendation

Pablo Pérez‐Martínez et al. · Nutrition Reviews · 2017

DOI 10.1093/nutrit/nux014

narrative_reviewCited 413×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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