Hormonal

Skeletal muscle glycogen depletion via exercise or fasting increases insulin sensitivity by enhancing insulin-stimulated glucose uptake and PKB phosphorylation, whereas high glycogen content inhibits glucose disposal via feedback mechanisms.

To improve insulin sensitivity, ensure your muscles are not perpetually full of glycogen. Regular exercise that depletes glycogen (especially high-intensity or prolonged endurance) creates a 'storage space' that allows your body to handle carbohydrates more efficiently afterward. Avoid constant high-carb intake without exercise, as this fills glycogen stores and triggers feedback inhibition that reduces insulin sensitivity.