Research

Macro partitioning

Manipulating carbohydrate availability during training (e.g., 'train low') to create metabolic stress can upregulate cellular signaling and adaptive responses, potentially leading to superior performance when carefully integrated into an endurance training program.

Do not train low all the time. Use low-carbohydrate strategies only for specific, lower-intensity or shorter-duration sessions where performance outcome is less critical. This triggers metabolic adaptations. For high-intensity workouts, races, or long sessions, ensure high carbohydrate availability to support performance and recovery. Personalize based on your weekly workload.

ModerateQualifiesMEDIUM confidence
there is an emerging interest in the concept of deliberately exercising with low CHO availability in some training sessions to take advantage of upregulated cellular signaling and adaptive responses to the increased metabolic training stress... research evidence, at least in subelite athletes, that its careful integration into a training program can lead to superior performance
Louise M. Burke et al. · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · 2018

Why this rating

The paper cites evidence 'at least in subelite athletes' and notes it is an 'emerging interest' with 'increased confidence in the molecular underpinning', but acknowledges it is not a definitive prescription for all.

Source

Toward a Common Understanding of Diet–Exercise Strategies to Manipulate Fuel Availability for Training and Competition Preparation in Endurance Sport

Louise M. Burke et al. · International Journal of Sport Nutrition and Exercise Metabolism · 2018

DOI 10.1123/ijsnem.2018-0289

narrative_reviewCited 132×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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