Hormonal
Peripheral administration of long-acting GLP-1 receptor agonists (liraglutide and exendin-4) suppresses food intake and body weight through a combined mechanism involving both direct activation of central nervous system (CNS) GLP-1 receptors and activation of peripheral vagal afferent GLP-1 receptors.
Long-acting GLP-1 medications (like liraglutide) reduce appetite not just by signaling the stomach, but by also acting directly on the brain. This dual action is key to their effectiveness. If one pathway is blocked or less sensitive, higher doses may be needed to achieve the same result.
Conclusion: Food intake suppression after peripheral administration of exendin-4 and liraglutide is mediated by activation of GLP-1R expressed on vagal afferents as well as direct CNS GLP-1R activation.
Why this rating
Controlled animal study with surgical and pharmacological controls, though results are in rats.
Source
Peripheral and Central GLP-1 Receptor Populations Mediate the Anorectic Effects of Peripherally Administered GLP-1 Receptor Agonists, Liraglutide and Exendin-4
Scott E. Kanoski et al. · Endocrinology · 2011
DOI 10.1210/en.2011-0174
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