Research

Hormonal

Prior resistance exercise-induced hypertrophy creates an epigenetic memory in human skeletal muscle, evidenced by sustained DNA hypomethylation of specific genes (e.g., AXIN1, GRIK2, UBR5) during detraining, which facilitates a significantly greater hypertrophic response upon subsequent reloading compared to the initial training phase.

If you have trained before, stopped, and are starting again, your muscles may respond faster than when you first started. This is due to epigenetic changes (DNA methylation) that persist even after muscle mass returns to baseline. To leverage this, ensure your initial training phase was substantial enough to induce hypertrophy, as this creates the 'memory' that accelerates reloading gains.

ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
We discovered increased frequency of hypomethylation across the genome after reloading (18,816 CpGs) versus earlier loading (9,153 CpG sites)... genes... displayed hypomethylation and enhanced gene expression following loading... and demonstrated the largest increases in hypomethylation, gene expression and muscle mass after later reloading, indicating an epigenetic memory in these genes.
Robert A. Seaborne et al. · Scientific Reports · 2018

Why this rating

Small sample size (n=7-8), single study, human subjects, but rigorous within-subject design with genome-wide analysis.

Source

Human Skeletal Muscle Possesses an Epigenetic Memory of Hypertrophy

Robert A. Seaborne et al. · Scientific Reports · 2018

DOI 10.1038/s41598-018-20287-3

clinical_trial · n=8Cited 323×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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