Research

Hormonal

Low circulating levels of PYY are associated with obesity and reduced satiety in humans.

If you struggle with satiety, your PYY levels might be lower than average. This isn't a character flaw; it's a hormonal signal. Strategies that stimulate PYY release, such as protein-rich meals or specific surgical interventions, may help restore this natural fullness signal.

GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
low circulating PYY concentrations predispose towards the development and or maintenance of obesity. Subjects with reduced postprandial PYY release exhibit lower satiety and circulating PYY levels that correlate negatively with markers of adiposity.
Efthimia Karra et al. · The Journal of Physiology · 2008

Why this rating

Multiple human studies (Batterham 2003, Guo 2006, le Roux 2006) show consistent negative correlations.

Source

The role of peptide YY in appetite regulation and obesity

Efthimia Karra et al. · The Journal of Physiology · 2008

DOI 10.1113/jphysiol.2008.164269

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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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