Research

Hormonal

Pharmacological activation of the Nrf2 pathway using small molecule activators (e.g., Bardoxolone methyl, Sulforaphane) shows promise in improving renal function and metabolic indices in animal models, but human trials have shown mixed results with potential cardiovascular risks.

Be cautious with unapproved Nrf2-activating drugs like Bardoxolone methyl. While they showed promise in early trials for kidney function, a later large trial was stopped due to heart-related risks. Do not self-medicate with experimental compounds. Stick to natural dietary sources of Nrf2 activators (like cruciferous vegetables) which are generally safe.

LimitedQualifiesLOW confidence
A phase II clinical trial (BEAM) in adults with TIIDM and advanced CKD showed significant improvements in glomerular filtration rate (GFR) with only mild side effects... Unfortunately, a subsequent phase III trial (BEACON) in patients with TIIDM and stage IV CKD was terminated early due to serious adverse events [106].
Joshua A. David et al. · Journal of Diabetes Research · 2017

Why this rating

Strong animal data, but conflicting and potentially harmful human clinical trial data (BEACON trial termination).

Source

The Nrf2/Keap1/ARE Pathway and Oxidative Stress as a Therapeutic Target in Type II Diabetes Mellitus

Joshua A. David et al. · Journal of Diabetes Research · 2017

DOI 10.1155/2017/4826724

narrative_reviewCited 301×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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