Research
Hormonal
Physiological levels of ROS act as beneficial second messengers that promote insulin sensitivity and adipogenesis, whereas chronic elevation leads to insulin resistance.
Not all oxidative stress is bad. Small amounts of ROS are necessary for normal cellular functions like insulin signaling and fat cell formation. The problem in obesity is the chronic, excessive production that overwhelms these beneficial signals.
GoodQualifiesHIGH confidence
Evidences have been provided that they can act as second messengers in adaptative responses to stress... physiological levels of ROS, maintained by efficient detoxification system, are able to induce insulin-mimicking effects of H2O2 and to favor adipogenesis
Why this rating
Supported by studies on hormesis and signaling pathways.
Source
Oxidative Stress and Metabolic Pathologies: From an Adipocentric Point of View
Soazig Le Lay et al. · Oxidative Medicine and Cellular Longevity · 2014
DOI 10.1155/2014/908539
narrative_reviewCited 292×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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- Chronic elevation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) in adipose tissue causes insulin resistance and metabolic dysfunction by impairing insulin signaling and reducing adiponectin secretion.Good
- Hypertrophied (enlarged) adipocytes are a significant source of ROS production, primarily via NADPH oxidase (Nox4) and mitochondrial dysfunction, driving local inflammation and metabolic dysfunction.Good
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