Research
Hormonal
Resistance exercise increases PGC-1α expression but does not consistently increase FNDC5 mRNA or serum irisin, suggesting PGC-1α is not the sole regulator of FNDC5.
Do not assume that increasing PGC-1α through exercise will automatically increase FNDC5 or irisin. The relationship is complex and not consistent across all populations.
GoodQualifiesHIGH confidence
a single RE bout increased PGC-1α by 4-fold in young and by 2-fold in older men, while FNDC5 mRNA only increased by 1.4-fold... post-RE only in young men... Changes in PGC-1α or serum irisin were not consistently accompanied by changes in FNDC5.
Why this rating
Controlled resistance exercise protocol with precise molecular analysis.
Source
Are skeletal muscle <i>FNDC5</i> gene expression and irisin release regulated by exercise and related to health?
Satu Pekkala et al. · The Journal of Physiology · 2013
DOI 10.1113/jphysiol.2013.263707
clinical_trial · n=60Cited 290×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Exercise does not consistently increase skeletal muscle FNDC5 mRNA expression or serum irisin levels in healthy humans, and these markers do not correlate with metabolic health parameters.Good
- Serum irisin levels are not associated with glucose tolerance, insulin resistance (HOMA-IR), or metabolic disturbances in middle-aged men.Good
Related findings · Hormonal
- Initial treatment for type 2 diabetes should be a combination of metformin and either an SGLT-2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist to achieve cardiorenal protection, rather than monotherapy or older agents like sulfonylureas.Strong
- For patients with specific monogenic obesity syndromes (leptin deficiency, POMC/PCSK1/LEPR mutations), targeted pharmacotherapy (recombinant leptin or setmelanotide) is highly effective and should be prioritized, unlike in polygenic obesity.Strong
- Continued weekly administration of 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide prevents weight regain and promotes further weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity, whereas switching to placebo results in significant weight regain.Strong
This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →