Hormonal
Elevated malonyl-CoA levels in skeletal muscle inhibit fatty acid oxidation and promote lipogenesis, contributing to insulin resistance in obese and type 2 diabetic subjects.
In insulin-resistant individuals, high levels of malonyl-CoA block fat burning and promote fat storage in muscle, worsening insulin resistance. This is driven by low AMPK activity and high ACC activity. While this paper focuses on mechanism, it suggests that interventions restoring AMPK activity (like exercise or specific medications) may help reverse these defects.
Increased Malonyl-CoA Levels in Muscle From Obese and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects Lead to Decreased Fatty Acid Oxidation and Increased Lipogenesis
Why this rating
Human clinical study with rigorous methodology (clamps, biopsies) but small sample size (n=8 lean, 8 obese, 13 T2D).
Source
Increased Malonyl-CoA Levels in Muscle From Obese and Type 2 Diabetic Subjects Lead to Decreased Fatty Acid Oxidation and Increased Lipogenesis; Thiazolidinedione Treatment Reverses These Defects
Gautam Bandyopadhyay et al. · Diabetes · 2006
DOI 10.2337/db06-0062
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