Research

Adherence

Social media influencers promote a cognitive association between body perfection (low body fat, visible musculature) and happiness/health, driving followers to adopt restrictive dieting and exercise behaviors to achieve this ideal.

Be critical of fitness influencers on Instagram. Recognize that their content is often designed to sell products (supplements, sportswear) and create a dependency on their lifestyle advice. If you feel inadequate after viewing their posts, remember that their images are curated and edited. Seek health advice from certified professionals who do not have a financial stake in selling you specific products.

ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
Influencers suggest a dependence on happiness, well-being, health and beauty. Only those who create a body shaped through control and discipline are healthy and beautiful - and can be happy.
Katharina Pilgrim et al. · BMC Public Health · 2019

Why this rating

Mixed methods (quantitative content analysis of 1000 posts + qualitative analysis of 27 threads), but observational and self-reported in nature.

Source

Selling health and happiness how influencers communicate on Instagram about dieting and exercise: mixed methods research

Katharina Pilgrim et al. · BMC Public Health · 2019

DOI 10.1186/s12889-019-7387-8

cross_sectional · n=1000Cited 277×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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