Research
Hormonal
Different forms of cell death (apoptosis, necroptosis, pyroptosis) in adipose tissue have distinct inflammatory consequences; necroptosis is highly inflammatory and linked to metabolic dysfunction, while apoptosis may trigger anti-inflammatory macrophage responses.
Not all fat loss is created equal. The way fat cells die matters. Necroptosis (inflammatory cell death) worsens metabolic health, while apoptosis might sometimes trigger a less inflammatory response. Strategies that minimize inflammatory cell death may be metabolically superior.
ModerateQualifiesMEDIUM confidence
Necroptosis is a highly inflammatory type of cell death... and, importantly, it results in a secretome that is different from the secretome of apoptotic cells... the majority of these ATMs were alternatively activated anti-inflammatory M2-like macrophage upon Caspase-8 activation [67].
Why this rating
Based on complex animal models with mixed human correlation data.
Source
Cell death and inflammation during obesity: “Know my methods, WAT(son)”
Ximena Hildebrandt et al. · Cell Death and Differentiation · 2022
DOI 10.1038/s41418-022-01062-4
narrative_reviewCited 271×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Obesity induces low-grade chronic inflammation in white adipose tissue (WAT) via adipocyte death (apoptosis/necroptosis), which recruits pro-inflammatory macrophages (forming crown-like structures) and triggers systemic insulin resistance and metabolic syndrome.Good
- TNF and NF-κB signaling pathways directly inhibit insulin signaling by phosphorylating IRS-1, thereby causing insulin resistance; neutralizing TNF or inhibiting IKKβ improves glucose homeostasis.Good
Related findings · Hormonal
- Initial treatment for type 2 diabetes should be a combination of metformin and either an SGLT-2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist to achieve cardiorenal protection, rather than monotherapy or older agents like sulfonylureas.Strong
- For patients with specific monogenic obesity syndromes (leptin deficiency, POMC/PCSK1/LEPR mutations), targeted pharmacotherapy (recombinant leptin or setmelanotide) is highly effective and should be prioritized, unlike in polygenic obesity.Strong
- Continued weekly administration of 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide prevents weight regain and promotes further weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity, whereas switching to placebo results in significant weight regain.Strong
This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →