Research

Hormonal

A 12-week ketogenic Mediterranean diet (KEMEPHY) significantly improves metabolic and hormonal markers in overweight women with PCOS, including reductions in body weight, fat mass, insulin resistance, and androgens, alongside improvements in lipid profiles and sex hormone binding globulin.

For overweight women with PCOS, a 12-week ketogenic Mediterranean diet (approx. 1600-1700 kcal, <30g carbs) significantly reduces weight, fat mass, and insulin resistance while improving hormonal balance (lower testosterone, higher SHBG). This approach addresses the root hormonal drivers of PCOS more effectively than standard caloric restriction alone, though it requires strict adherence and medical supervision due to the small sample size of supporting evidence.

ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
After 12 weeks, anthropometric and body composition measurements revealed a significant reduction of body weight (− 9.43 kg), BMI (− 3.35), FBM (8.29 kg) and VAT... A significant decrease in glucose and insulin blood levels were observed, together with a significant improvement of HOMA-IR... The LH/FSH ratio, LH total and free testosterone, and DHEAS blood levels were also significantly reduced. Estradiol, progesterone and SHBG increased.
Antonio Paoli et al. · Journal of Translational Medicine · 2020

Why this rating

Single-arm, small sample size (n=14), retrospective registration, no control group limits causal inference regarding the specific macronutrient effect vs caloric restriction.

Source

Effects of a ketogenic diet in overweight women with polycystic ovary syndrome

Antonio Paoli et al. · Journal of Translational Medicine · 2020

DOI 10.1186/s12967-020-02277-0

clinical_trial · n=14Cited 270×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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