Hormonal
In older adults, age-related sarcopenia is mechanistically driven by increased SOCS-3 and myostatin levels, which inhibit Akt phosphorylation efficiency, leading to reduced muscle protein synthesis and fiber atrophy.
As you age, your body naturally increases signals (SOCS-3 and myostatin) that block muscle growth pathways. To combat this, you must actively stimulate muscle protein synthesis through resistance training and adequate protein intake to override these inhibitory signals, as passive aging leads to significant muscle fiber shrinkage.
Human sarcopenia may be linked to a reduction in the activity or sensitivity of anabolic signaling proteins such as GHR, IGF-1, and Akt. TNF, SOCS-3, and myostatin are potential candidates influencing this anabolic perturbation.
Why this rating
The study uses human muscle biopsies with rigorous Western blot and PCR analysis, comparing young vs. old subjects, though it is observational and does not prove causation via intervention.
Source
Human Sarcopenia Reveals an Increase in SOCS-3 and Myostatin and a Reduced Efficiency of Akt Phosphorylation
Bertrand Léger et al. · Rejuvenation Research · 2008
DOI 10.1089/rej.2007.0588
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