Hormonal
Long-term moderate caloric restriction (~30% reduction) in healthy, weight-stable adults inhibits the PI3K/AKT signaling pathway and induces a transcriptional profile in skeletal muscle that resembles that of younger individuals.
For middle-aged adults, maintaining a moderate caloric deficit (approx. 30% below maintenance) while ensuring full nutritional adequacy and weight stability for several years may trigger molecular changes in muscle that mimic youth, specifically by dampening growth-signaling pathways (PI3K/AKT) and boosting repair mechanisms. This suggests that long-term, disciplined eating habits may offer biological benefits beyond simple weight management.
Here we report that long-term CR in humans inhibits the IGF-1/insulin pathway in skeletal muscle... We also demonstrate that CR-induced dramatic changes of the skeletal muscle transcriptional profile that resemble those of younger individuals.
Why this rating
Observational study of a specific, self-selected population (Calorie Restriction Society members) with long-term adherence, compared to controls; lacks randomization but has rigorous molecular analysis.
Source
Calorie restriction in humans inhibits the <scp>PI</scp>3<scp>K</scp>/<scp>AKT</scp> pathway and induces a younger transcription profile
Evi M. Mercken et al. · Aging Cell · 2013
DOI 10.1111/acel.12088
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