Hormonal
In normal-weight young women, a combined diet and exercise intervention resulting in weight loss causes a significant compensatory increase in circulating ghrelin levels, whereas exercise alone without weight loss does not alter ghrelin levels.
If you are a normal-weight woman losing weight through diet and exercise, your body will naturally increase ghrelin (a hunger hormone) to compensate for the weight loss. This is a normal physiological response to the energy deficit, not necessarily a failure of willpower. However, exercise alone, without creating a weight loss, does not appear to alter these hormone levels in this population.
Ghrelin significantly increased over time (770 ± 296 to 1322 ± 664 pmol/liter) in the weight-loss group compared with the controls and the weight-stable group (P < 0.05)... Changes in ghrelin were negatively correlated with changes in body weight (r = -0.61; P < 0.05).
Why this rating
Randomized controlled trial design with a healthy, specific population, though the sample size is small (n=22 total, n=10 weight loss).
Source
Circulating Ghrelin Is Sensitive to Changes in Body Weight during a Diet and Exercise Program in Normal-Weight Young Women
H. J. Leidy et al. · The Journal of Clinical Endocrinology & Metabolism · 2004
DOI 10.1210/jc.2003-031471
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