Research
Macro partitioning
Distributing protein intake evenly across meals (reaching the per-meal threshold) is more effective for muscle mass and function than skewing intake toward a single large meal, provided total daily protein is adequate.
Try to eat a similar amount of protein at breakfast, lunch, and dinner. Most older adults eat too little in the morning and too much at night. Spreading it out helps your body build and maintain muscle better than eating it all at once.
GoodSupportsHIGH confidence
a randomized crossover study by Mamerow et al. demonstrated that, despite a similar daily protein intake (~1.2 g/kg), an even distribution of daily protein intake significantly improved (~25%) MPS rates over 24 h when compared with a skewed protein intake [66].
Why this rating
Supported by crossover studies and large observational datasets (NHANES).
Source
Nutritional Supplements to Support Resistance Exercise in Countering the Sarcopenia of Aging
James McKendry et al. · Nutrients · 2020
DOI 10.3390/nu12072057
narrative_reviewCited 118×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Older adults require a per-meal protein dose of approximately 0.4 g/kg (or ≥30g of high-quality protein) to maximally stimulate muscle protein synthesis, which is higher than the threshold for younger adults.Good
- Leucine supplementation can rescue muscle protein synthesis in older adults when protein doses are sub-optimal, but provides no additional benefit if the total protein dose is already sufficient (>35g).Good
Related findings · Macro partitioning
- Total daily protein intake of 1.6 g/kg/day is sufficient for maximizing resistance training-induced muscle gains, with an upper confidence interval of 2.2 g/kg/day.Strong
- Resistance exercise training combined with sufficient dietary protein intake acts synergistically to maximize skeletal muscle hypertrophy, with protein intake saturating around 1.6 g/kg/day for general populations and potentially requiring 2.0-2.2 g/kg/day for resistance-trained individuals.Strong
- Trans fats should be completely eliminated from the diet, as they increase LDL cholesterol, decrease HDL cholesterol, and are directly associated with increased coronary risk.Strong
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