Research
Hormonal
Trans fatty acids (TFAs) from partially hydrogenated oils, commonly found in fast food, are associated with increased risk of coronary heart disease, systemic inflammation, and adverse lipid profiles (increased LDL, decreased HDL).
Industrial trans fats, found in some fast foods, significantly increase the risk of heart disease and worsen cholesterol levels. Avoid foods with partially hydrogenated oils. Look for products with low or zero trans fat content, and prioritize diets rich in unsaturated fats.
StrongSupportsVERY_HIGH confidence
Nearly all studies conducted in different countries which investigated an association between habitual intakes of TFAs or TFAs exposure... have demonstrated a significantly increased risk of coronary heart disease (CHD) among individuals with greater TFAs consumption or exposure.
Why this rating
Strong consensus across multiple studies and meta-analyses regarding the harmful effects of industrial TFAs.
Source
Nutritional challenges and health implications of takeaway and fast food
Agnieszka Jaworowska et al. · Nutrition Reviews · 2013
DOI 10.1111/nure.12031
narrative_reviewCited 203×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Frequent consumption of takeaway and fast food (defined as eating out or purchasing prepared meals at least once a week) is associated with increased daily energy intake, higher body mass index (BMI), and increased risk of obesity and type 2 diabetes.Good
- Takeaway and fast foods are significantly higher in energy density, total fat, saturated fatty acids (SFAs), and trans fatty acids (TFAs) compared to home-prepared meals, contributing to adverse lipid profiles and increased risk of cardiovascular disease.Good
Related findings · Hormonal
- Initial treatment for type 2 diabetes should be a combination of metformin and either an SGLT-2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist to achieve cardiorenal protection, rather than monotherapy or older agents like sulfonylureas.Strong
- For patients with specific monogenic obesity syndromes (leptin deficiency, POMC/PCSK1/LEPR mutations), targeted pharmacotherapy (recombinant leptin or setmelanotide) is highly effective and should be prioritized, unlike in polygenic obesity.Strong
- Continued weekly administration of 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide prevents weight regain and promotes further weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity, whereas switching to placebo results in significant weight regain.Strong
This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →