Research

Hormonal

Vitamin D deficiency (serum 25(OH)D < 25 nmol/L) is an independent predictor of increased mortality in patients with heart failure, while vitamin D supplementation is associated with reduced mortality in this population.

If you have heart failure, ask your doctor to check your Vitamin D levels. This study suggests that deficiency is linked to higher mortality risk, and supplementation (typically 800-1000 IU/day in this study) was associated with better survival outcomes. Ensure your levels are optimized as part of your overall heart health management.

ModerateSupportsMEDIUM confidence
Cox regression analysis demonstrated that vitamin D deficiency was an independent predictor of increased mortality in patients with HF [hazard ratio (HR) 1.52, 95% confidence interval (CI) 1.21 –1.92, P < 0.001]... Vitamin D supplementation was independently associated with reduced mortality in HF patients (HR 0.68, 95% CI 0.54–0.85, P < 0.0001).
Israel Gotsman et al. · European Journal of Heart Failure · 2012

Why this rating

Observational cohort study with large sample size (n=3009 HF patients) and adjustment for confounders, but not a randomized controlled trial proving causality for supplementation.

Source

Vitamin D Deficiency is a Predictor of Reduced Survival in Patients with Heart Failure; Vitamin D Supplementation Improves Outcome

Israel Gotsman et al. · European Journal of Heart Failure · 2012

DOI 10.1093/eurjhf/hfr175

cohort · n=49834Cited 196×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →