Hormonal
Consumption of fructose or high-fructose corn syrup (HFCS) increases risk factors for metabolic syndrome and cardiovascular disease through rapid hepatic metabolism catalyzed by fructokinase C, which drives de novo lipogenesis and increases uric acid levels, independent of body weight gain.
Limit added sugars, specifically those containing fructose or high-fructose corn syrup (like soda and sweetened juices), regardless of whether you are trying to lose weight. The harm comes from how your liver processes fructose, which increases liver fat and bad cholesterol even if your weight stays the same. Focus on reducing sugar-sweetened beverages and replacing them with water or unsweetened options to lower metabolic risk.
Mechanistic studies suggest that these effects result from the rapid hepatic metabolism of fructose catalyzed by fructokinase C, which generates substrate for de novo lipogenesis and leads to increased uric acid levels.
Why this rating
The paper synthesizes prospective studies, randomized controlled trials, and mechanistic animal/cell studies, providing robust multi-level evidence.
Source
Adverse metabolic effects of dietary fructose
Kimber L. Stanhope et al. · Current Opinion in Lipidology · 2013
DOI 10.1097/mol.0b013e3283613bca
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