Research
Hormonal
Repeated administration of CCK leads to desensitization and tolerance, explaining why CCK-derivatives have failed as effective long-term weight-loss treatments.
Early attempts to use CCK mimics for weight loss failed because the body builds tolerance to them. This highlights that simply flooding the system with one satiety signal is not a sustainable long-term strategy without addressing the underlying regulatory mechanisms.
ModerateRefutesHIGH confidence
Repeated doses of CCK into the systemic circulation and sporadic CCK infusion during feeding, initially decreases the amount of foodstuffs ingested, but over time, a tolerance to CCK develops and the quantity and frequency of ingestion increases... This desensitising effect may explain the failed attempts to utilise CCK-derivatives, such as GI 181771X, as an effective weight-loss treatment.
Why this rating
Based on cited animal studies and historical clinical failures referenced in the review.
Source
The Gut-Brain Axis, the Human Gut Microbiota and Their Integration in the Development of Obesity
Edward Bliss et al. · Frontiers in Physiology · 2018
DOI 10.3389/fphys.2018.00900
narrative_reviewCited 181×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
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