Hormonal
Thyroid hormone T3 stimulates metabolic rate and thermogenesis primarily through nuclear mechanisms that alter gene transcription, rather than through direct non-nuclear uncoupling of oxidative phosphorylation.
Your metabolic rate is heavily influenced by thyroid hormone levels, specifically T3, which acts by changing gene expression in your cells. While extreme thyroid dysfunction (hypo- or hyperthyroidism) drastically alters BMR, normal physiological variations are tightly regulated. There is no evidence that 'boosting' thyroid hormones beyond normal ranges is a safe or effective strategy for weight loss, as it disrupts homeostasis and can be harmful. Focus on maintaining overall health rather than targeting thyroid-specific metabolic hacks.
Clearly, T3 stimulates both the production and consumption of energy within cells... These metabolic effects of T3 appear to be restricted to homeothermic animals, representing a coordinated response to the challenge of maintaining body temperature.
Why this rating
This is a comprehensive review in the Annual Review of Nutrition by leading experts, synthesizing decades of biochemical and physiological evidence.
Source
Thermogenesis and Thyroid Function
Hedley C. Freake et al. · Annual Review of Nutrition · 1995
DOI 10.1146/annurev.nu.15.070195.001403
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