Hormonal
Short-term calorie restriction (12 weeks) does not reverse the accumulation of effector memory T cells in subcutaneous adipose tissue (SAT) or reduce local inflammatory cytokine levels in obese postmenopausal women, despite inducing weight loss and improving insulin sensitivity.
For obese postmenopausal women, short-term calorie restriction (12 weeks) improves insulin sensitivity but does not reduce inflammation in fat tissue. The immune cells in fat (effector memory T cells) and inflammatory cytokines remain high despite weight loss. This suggests that weight loss alone may not be sufficient to resolve chronic low-grade inflammation in the short term, and longer-term strategies or additional interventions might be needed to target adipose immune cells.
Surprisingly, neither inflammatory cytokine levels nor leucocyte subpopulations were significantly altered upon CR. Our findings demonstrate the accumulation of effector memory T cells in obese SAT contributing to chronic inflammation. The long-standing effect of obesity-induced changes in SAT was demonstrated by preserved immune cell composition after short-term CR induced weight loss.
Why this rating
Randomized interventional design with flow cytometry and cytokine assays, though limited by small sample size (n=21) and preprint status.
Source
Association between Subcutaneous Adipose Tissue Inflammation, Insulin Resistance, and Calorie Restriction in Obese Females
Julia Sbierski‐Kind et al. · The Journal of Immunology · 2020
DOI 10.4049/jimmunol.2000108
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