Hormonal
Genetic predisposition to higher gut microbial butyrate production potential is causally linked to improved insulin response during an oral glucose tolerance test, while higher fecal propionate levels are causally linked to an increased risk of type 2 diabetes.
Your genetics influence how your gut bacteria process fiber into metabolites. While butyrate production is linked to better insulin response, high levels of propionate in stool have been causally linked to a higher risk of type 2 diabetes in genetic studies. This highlights the complexity of gut health beyond just 'eating fiber'.
Sanna et al. (37) identified human genetic variants that associate with fecal SCFA levels and reported evidence for a potential causal connection between the GM’s butyrate production potential (i.e., genes responsible for GM butyrate production) and improved response to insulin during an oral glucose tolerance test. These authors also found a causal link between fecal propionate levels and abnormal increased type 2 diabetes risk (37).
Why this rating
Based on MR studies which are limited and not yet confirmed in replication studies according to the text.
Source
The Gut Microbiota and Diabetes: Research, Translation, and Clinical Applications—2023 <i>Diabetes</i>, <i>Diabetes Care</i>, and <i>Diabetologia</i> Expert Forum
Mariana X. Byndloss et al. · Diabetes Care · 2024
DOI 10.2337/dci24-0052
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