Research

Hormonal

Performing resistance exercise during the follicular phase (high estrogen) does not yield greater muscle protein synthesis or myofibrillar protein breakdown compared to the luteal phase (high progesterone) in naturally cycling women.

You do not need to schedule your resistance training around your menstrual cycle to maximize muscle growth. Whether you are in your follicular (high estrogen) or luteal (high progesterone) phase, your muscles respond to resistance exercise similarly in terms of protein synthesis and breakdown. Consistency in your training program is more important than trying to time your workouts with specific hormonal phases.

GoodRefutesHIGH confidence
Fluctuations in endogenous ovarian hormones influenced neither MPS, nor MPB in response to resistance exercise. Skeletal muscle is not more anabolically responsive to resistance exercise in a particular menstrual cycle phase.
Lauren M. Colenso‐Semple et al. · The Journal of Physiology · 2024

Why this rating

High-quality methodology with stable isotopes, muscle biopsies, and comprehensive hormonal tracking, though limited by a small sample size (n=12).

Source

Menstrual cycle phase does not influence muscle protein synthesis or whole‐body myofibrillar proteolysis in response to resistance exercise

Lauren M. Colenso‐Semple et al. · The Journal of Physiology · 2024

DOI 10.1113/jp287342

crossover · n=12Cited 24×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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