Hormonal
In obese and noninsulin-dependent diabetic subjects, the thermic effect of infused glucose and insulin is significantly decreased or abolished due to a greater suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis and lower glucose storage rates compared to normal-weight subjects.
If you are obese or have type 2 diabetes, your body may not generate as much heat (energy expenditure) in response to eating carbohydrates as a lean person's would. This is largely due to how your liver handles glucose production (gluconeogenesis) and storage under the influence of insulin. Improving insulin sensitivity through weight loss and metabolic health management can help restore this normal thermogenic response.
In group IIIa there was no increase in energy expenditure in response to glucose and insulin infusions... It is proposed that the recovered thermic effect of infused insulin/glucose is due to the different contributions of gluconeogenesis in the fasting state and during the glucose clamp before and after weight loss. In addition we hypothesize that some of the lower thermic effect of food reported in obese noninsulin-dependent diabetics may be explained by decreased energy expenditure due to a greater suppression of hepatic gluconeogenesis as well as by lower storage rate.
Why this rating
Controlled clinical study with rigorous methodology (hyperinsulinemic euglycemic clamp + indirect calorimetry) and clear statistical differentiation between groups.
Source
Thermic effect of infused glucose and insulin in man. Decreased response with increased insulin resistance in obesity and noninsulin-dependent diabetes mellitus.
Éric Ravussin et al. · Journal of Clinical Investigation · 1983
DOI 10.1172/jci111060
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