Research

Hormonal

Anti-obesity medications targeting monoamine neurotransmitters (re-uptake inhibitors and releasing agents) have a negative benefit-to-harm balance, leading to widespread post-marketing withdrawal due to cardiotoxicity, psychiatric disturbances, and drug abuse.

Avoid centrally acting anti-obesity medications that target monoamine neurotransmitters (e.g., amphetamines, SSRIs used for weight loss) due to high risks of heart problems, psychiatric issues, and addiction. These drugs have been largely withdrawn from the market for these reasons. Focus on diet and lifestyle changes instead, as pharmacological shortcuts have proven unsafe.

ModerateRefutesHIGH confidence
Most of the drugs that affect monoamine neurotransmitters licensed for the treatment of obesity over the past 65 years have been withdrawn because of adverse reactions. The reasons for withdrawal raise concerns about the wisdom of using pharmacological agents that target monoamine neurotransmitters in managing obesity.
Igho Onakpoya et al. · BMC Medicine · 2016

Why this rating

Systematic review of withdrawal data, but the underlying evidence for withdrawal was often Level 4 (case reports) or Level 5 (mechanism-based reasoning).

Source

Post-marketing withdrawal of anti-obesity medicinal products because of adverse drug reactions: a systematic review

Igho Onakpoya et al. · BMC Medicine · 2016

DOI 10.1186/s12916-016-0735-y

systematic_review · n=25Cited 168×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

This is one finding among thousands. Every one is graded and traced to its source, so you can see what the evidence actually supports. Browse the research →