Research
Hormonal
GIPR agonism in humans may not provide weight loss benefits and can negate the appetite-suppressing effects of GLP-1.
While GIPR agonists work in animals, human studies show that adding GIP to GLP-1 can actually stop GLP-1 from working as well for appetite control. This suggests the human body responds differently than mice.
GoodRefutesHIGH confidence
Bergmann and colleagues showed that GLP-1 infusion... but not GIP infusion... was able to significantly reduce energy intake... Surprisingly, the addition of GIP to GLP-1 infusion... negated any of GLP-1’s appetite reducing effects.
Why this rating
Based on multiple human infusion studies showing lack of effect or negative interaction.
Source
Design of novel therapeutics targeting the glucose-dependent insulinotropic polypeptide receptor (GIPR) to aid weight loss
Iona Davies et al. · Expert Opinion on Drug Discovery · 2023
DOI 10.1080/17460441.2023.2203911
narrative_reviewCited 8×
Read the paper DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10
More from this paper
- Combining GIPR agonism or antagonism with GLP-1 R agonism produces synergistic weight loss in preclinical models, whereas GIPR signaling is not required for this synergy in humans.Moderate
- GIPR antagonism reduces body weight in preclinical models by restoring leptin sensitivity, thereby reducing appetite.Moderate
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