Research

Hormonal

Habitual endurance or resistance exercise training enhances insulin-stimulated glycogen synthesis in primary human skeletal muscle stem cells compared to sedentary controls, but does not confer intrinsic protection against fatty acid-induced insulin resistance.

If you are highly active, your skeletal muscle cells are better at storing glucose as glycogen when insulin is present, regardless of whether you primarily do cardio or weight training. However, this cellular adaptation does not appear to protect your muscle cells from the negative effects of high fat exposure in a lab setting. To maximize metabolic health, maintain high activity levels, but be aware that cellular adaptations to training may not fully shield you from all metabolic insults like high lipid loads.

GoodQualifiesHIGH confidence
These data suggest that habitual exercise, including resistance training, improves insulin action in skeletal muscle but may not offer intrinsic protection against fatty-acid-induced insulin resistance.
Polina Krassovskaia et al. · Physiological Reports · 2025

Why this rating

High-quality human tissue analysis with rigorous matching and specific cellular assays, though limited by small sample size (N=8-9 per group) and in vitro myotube model.

Source

Effects of habitual endurance and resistance exercise on insulin action in primary human skeletal muscle stem cells

Polina Krassovskaia et al. · Physiological Reports · 2025

DOI 10.14814/phy2.70600

mechanism_only · n=25Cited 2×
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DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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