Hormonal
Semaglutide, a GLP-1 receptor agonist, significantly reduces body weight and improves glycemic control in patients with type 2 diabetes and obesity through glucose-dependent insulin secretion, glucagon suppression, delayed gastric emptying, and central appetite regulation.
Semaglutide is a prescription medication for T2DM and obesity that works by mimicking a gut hormone to regulate blood sugar, reduce appetite, and slow digestion. It is available as a weekly injection or a daily pill. Clinical trials show significant weight loss (4-15%) and improved blood sugar control (HbA1c reduction of 1.0-1.8%). Common side effects include nausea, which often improves over time. It is recommended for patients with cardiovascular risk.
By mimicking the endogenous incretin hormone GLP-1, semaglutide has a variety of physiological effects that help to improve metabolic control. It increases glucose-dependent insulin secretion while also reducing inappropriate appetite. Glucagon release, delayed gastric emptying, and increased satiety combine to produce better glycemic management and considerable weight reduction.
Why this rating
The paper cites large-scale clinical trials (SUSTAIN, PIONEER, STEP) and FDA approvals.
Source
Semaglutide: A Comprehensive Review of its Pharmacology, Clinical Applications, and Future Therapeutic Potential
Sitaram S. Pawar et al. · Journal of Drug Delivery and Therapeutics · 2025
DOI 10.22270/jddt.v15i12.7452
Related findings · Hormonal
- Initial treatment for type 2 diabetes should be a combination of metformin and either an SGLT-2 inhibitor or a GLP-1 receptor agonist to achieve cardiorenal protection, rather than monotherapy or older agents like sulfonylureas.Strong
- For patients with specific monogenic obesity syndromes (leptin deficiency, POMC/PCSK1/LEPR mutations), targeted pharmacotherapy (recombinant leptin or setmelanotide) is highly effective and should be prioritized, unlike in polygenic obesity.Strong
- Continued weekly administration of 2.4 mg subcutaneous semaglutide prevents weight regain and promotes further weight loss in adults with overweight or obesity, whereas switching to placebo results in significant weight regain.Strong
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