Research

Hormonal

Use of GLP-1 receptor agonists (GLP1-RAs) is not associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer compared to DPP-4 inhibitors in patients with type 2 diabetes.

If you have type 2 diabetes and are considering a GLP-1 medication like Ozempic or Wegovy, current large-scale evidence suggests it does not increase your risk of thyroid cancer compared to other common diabetes drugs. While rodent studies showed thyroid effects, this has not been observed in human population studies.

GoodRefutesHIGH confidence
Overall, use of GLP1-RA relative to use of DPP-4i was not associated with an increased risk of thyroid cancer (pooled weighted HR 0.81, 95% CI 0.59-1.12).
Sarah A. Baxter et al. · Thyroid · 2025

Why this rating

Large multisite cohort study with robust active comparator design, though follow-up is relatively short (1.8-3.0 years).

Source

Glucagon-Like Peptide 1 Receptor Agonists and Risk of Thyroid Cancer: An International Multisite Cohort Study

Sarah A. Baxter et al. · Thyroid · 2025

DOI 10.1089/thy.2024.0387

Meta-analysis · 6 studiesCited 61×
Read the paper
DOI resolved against Crossref · corpus check 2026-06-10

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